Please refer to the errata for this document, which may include some normative corrections. This document is also available in these non-normative formats: Datatypes is part 2 of the specification of the XML Schema language. It defines facilities for defining datatypes to be used in XML Schemas as well as other XML specifications. The datatype language, which is itself represented in XML 1.

This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. A list of current W3C publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be found in the W3C technical reports index at http: This is a W3C Recommendationwhich forms part of the Second Edition of XML Schema.

This document has been reviewed by W3C Members and other interested parties and has been endorsed by the Director as a W3C Recommendation. It is a stable document and may be used as reference material or cited as a normative reference from another document. W3C's role in making the Recommendation is to draw attention to the specification and to promote its widespread deployment.

This enhances the functionality and interoperability of the Web. This document has been produced by the W3C XML Schema Working Group as part of the W3C XML Activity. The goals of the XML Schema language are discussed in the XML Schema Requirements document.

The authors of this document are the members of the XML Schema Working Group. Different parts of this specification have different editors. This document was produced under the 24 January Current Patent Practice CPP as amended by the W3C Patent Policy Transition Procedure. The Working Group maintains a public list of patent disclosures relevant to this document; that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains Essential Claim s with respect to this specification should disclose the information in accordance with section 6 of the W3C Patent Policy.

The English version of this specification is the only normative version. Information about translations of this document is available at http: This second edition is not a new version, it merely incorporates the changes dictated by the corrections to errors found in the first edition as agreed by the XML Schema Working Group, as a convenience to readers.

A separate list of all such corrections is available at http: The errata list for this second edition is available at http: Please report errors in this document to www-xml-schema-comments w3. However, document authors, including authors of traditional documents and those transporting data in XML, often require a higher degree of type checking to ensure robustness in document understanding and data interchange. The table below offers two typical examples of XML instances in which datatypes are implicit: The invoice contains several dates and telephone numbers, the postal abbreviation for a state which comes from an enumerated list of sanctioned valuesand a ZIP code which takes a definable regular form.

The memo contains many of the same types of information: Applications which process invoices and memos need to raise exceptions if something that was supposed to be a date or telephone number does not conform to the rules for valid dates or telephone numbers.

In both cases, validity constraints exist on the content of the instances that are not expressible in XML DTDs. The limited datatyping facilities in XML have prevented validating XML processors from supplying the rigorous type checking required in these situations.

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The result has been that individual applications writers have had to implement type checking in an ad hoc manner. This specification addresses the need of both document authors and applications writers for a robust, extensible datatype system for XML which could be incorporated into XML processors.

As discussed below, these datatypes could be used in other XML-related standards as well. The [XML Schema Requirements] document spells out concrete requirements to be fulfilled by this specification, which state that the XML Schema Language must:.

This portion of the XML Schema Language discusses datatypes that can be used in an XML Schema. These datatypes can be specified for element content that would be specified as PCDATA and attribute values of various types in a DTD. It is the intention of this specification that it be usable outside of the context of XML Schemas for a wide range of other XML-related activities such as [XSL] and [RDF Schema]. The terminology used to describe XML Schema Datatypes is defined in the body of this specification.

The terms defined in the following list are used in building those definitions and in describing the actions of a datatype processor:. This specification provides three different kinds of normative statements about schema components, their representations in XML and their contribution to the schema-validation of information items:.

This section describes the conceptual framework behind the type system defined in this specification.

The framework has been influenced by the [ISO ] standard on language-independent datatypes as well as the datatypes for [SQL] and for programming languages such as Java.

The datatypes discussed in this specification are computer representations of well known abstract concepts such as integer and date. It is not the place of this specification to define these abstract concepts; many other publications provide excellent definitions. For example, "" and "1. The type system defined in this specification provides a mechanism for schema designers to control the set of values and the corresponding set of acceptable literals of those values for a datatype.

While the datatypes defined in this specification have, for the most part, a single lexical representation i. The example in the previous section showed two literals for the datatype float which denote the same value. The facets of a datatype serve to distinguish those aspects of one datatype which differ from other datatypes.

Facets are of two types: It is useful to categorize the datatypes defined in this specification along various dimensions, forming a set of characterization dichotomies. In such a case, regardless of the input, list items will be separated at space boundaries.

The evaluation order can be overridden with the use of xsi: For example, in this specification, float is a well-defined mathematical concept that cannot be defined in terms of other datatypes, while a integer is a special case of the more general datatype decimal.

Additionally, each facet definition element can be uniquely addressed via a URI constructed as follows:. Additionally, each facet usage in a built-in datatype definition can be uniquely addressed via a URI constructed as follows:. For example, to address the usage of the maxInclusive facet in the definition of int, the URI is:.

A character is an atomic unit of communication; it is not further specified except to note that every character has a corresponding Universal Character Set code point, which is an integer. Precision is not reflected in this value space; the number 2. An optional leading sign is allowed. Leading and trailing zeroes are optional. If the fractional part is zero, the period and following zero es can be omitted.

The decimal point is required. Leading and trailing zeroes are prohibited subject to the following: Positive infinity is greater than all other non-NaN values.

The mantissa must be a decimal number. The representations for exponent and mantissa must follow the lexical rules for integer and decimal. If the "E" or "e" and the following exponent are omitted, an exponent value of 0 is assumed. The special values positive and negative infinity and not-a-number have lexical representations INF-INF and NaNrespectively. Lexical representations for zero may take a positive or negative sign.

For example, -1E4, Specifically, the exponent must be indicated by "E". If the exponent is zero, it must be indicated by "E0".

The canonical representation for zero is 0. This is the best approximation of d [Clinger, WD ][Gay, DM ]which is more accurate than the mapping required by [IEEE ]. These components are ordered in their significance by their order of appearance i. The number of seconds can include decimal digits to arbitrary precision. The values of the Year, Month, Day, Hour and Minutes components are not restricted but allow an arbitrary unsigned integer, i. Similarly, the value of the Seconds component allows an arbitrary unsigned decimal.

Following [ISO ]at least one digit must follow the decimal point if it appears. An optional preceding minus sign '-' is allowed, to indicate a negative duration. If the sign is omitted a positive duration is indicated.

For example, to indicate a duration of 1 year, 2 months, 3 days, 10 hours, and 30 minutes, one would write: One could also indicate a duration of minus days as: Reduced precision and truncated representations of this format are allowed provided they conform to the following:. For example, PY, PM and P1Y2MT2H are all allowed; P0YM and P0YM0D are allowed.

PM is not allowed although -PM is allowed. P1Y2MT is not allowed. These values for s cause the greatest deviations in the addition of dateTimes and durations. The following table shows the strongest relationship that can be determined between example durations. Note that because of leap-seconds, a seconds field can vary from 59 to Implementations are free to optimize the computation of the ordering relationship. For example, the following table can be used to compare durations of a small number of months against days.

In comparing duration values with minInclusiveminExclusivemaxInclusive and maxExclusive facet values indeterminate comparisons should be considered as "false". Certain derived datatypes of durations can be guaranteed have a total order. For this, they must have fields from only one row in the list below and the time zone must either be required or prohibited.

For example, a datatype could be defined to correspond to the [SQL] datatype Year-Month interval that required a four digit year field and a two digit month field but required all other fields to be unspecified. This datatype could be defined as below and would have a total order. Each such object also has one decimal-valued method or computed property, timeOnTimeline, whose value is always a decimal number; the values are dimensioned in seconds, the integer 0 is T The timeOnTimeline values form two related "timelines", one for timezoned values and one for non-timezoned values.

For clarity, the text above specifies a particular origin point for the timeline. It should be noted, however, that schema processors need not expose the timeOnTimeline value to schema users, and there is no requirement that a timeline-based implementation use the particular origin described here in its internal representation.

All timezoned times are Coordinated Universal Time UTC, sometimes called "Greenwich Mean Time". Other timezones indicated in lexical representations are converted to UTC during conversion of literals to values. The value of each numeric-valued property other than timeOnTimeline is limited to the maximum value within the interval determined by the next-higher property. For example, the day value can never be 32, and cannot even be 29 for month 02 and year February Except for trailing fractional zero digits in the seconds representation, ' Where there is more than one possible representation, the canonical representation is as follows:.

Timezones are durations with integer-valued hour and minute properties with the hour magnitude limited to at most 14, and the minute magnitude limited to at most 59, except that if the hour magnitude is 14, the minute value must be 0 ; they may be both positive or both negative.

The lexical representation of a timezone is a string of the form: When a timezone is added to a UTC dateTimethe result is the date and time "in that timezone". For example, there is no determinate ordering between a T Based on timezones currently in use, c could vary from T It is, however, possible for this range to expand or contract in the future, based on local laws.

Because of this, the following definition uses a somewhat broader range of indeterminate values: The following definition uses the notation S[year] to represent the year field of S, S[month] to represent the month field, and so on. This is a logical explanation of the process. Actual implementations are free to optimize as long as they produce the same results.

Normalize P and Q. If P and Q either both have a time zone or both do not have a time zone, compare P and Q field by field from the year field down to the second field, and return a result as soon as it can be determined.

Certain derived types from dateTime can be guaranteed have a total order. To do so, they must require that a specific set of fields are always specified, and that remaining fields if any are always unspecified. For example, the date datatype without time zone is defined to contain exactly year, month, and day. Thus dates without time zone have a total order among themselves. Specifically, it is a set of zero-duration daily time instances. Since the lexical representation allows an optional time zone indicator, time values are partially ordered because it may not be able to determine the order of two values one of which has a time zone and the other does not.

Pairs of time values with or without time zone indicators are totally ordered. The lexical representation for time is the left truncated lexical representation for dateTime: For example, to indicate 1: Specifically, either the time zone must be omitted or, if present, the time zone must be Coordinated Universal Time UTC indicated by a "Z". Additionally, the canonical representation for midnight is For nontimezoned values, the top-open intervals disjointly cover the nontimezoned timeline, one per day.

For timezoned values, the intervals begin at every minute and therefore overlap. A "date object" is an object with year, month, and day properties just like those of dateTime objects, plus an optional timezone-valued timezone property.

As with values of dateTime timezones are a special case of durations. Just as a dateTime object corresponds to a point on one of the timelines, a date object corresponds to an interval on one of the two timelines as just described. Timezoned date values track the starting moment of their day, as determined by their timezone; said timezone is generally recoverable for canonical representations. For the following discussion, let the "date portion" of a dateTime or date object be an object similar to a dateTime or date object, with similar year, month, and day properties, but no others, having the same value for these properties as the original dateTime or date object.

The first moment of the interval is that represented by: Specifically, it is a set of one-month long, non-periodic instances e. Since the lexical representation allows an optional time zone indicator, gYearMonth values are partially ordered because it may not be possible to unequivocally determine the order of two values one of which has a time zone and the other does not.

If gYearMonth values are considered as periods of time, the order relation on gYearMonth values is the order relation on their starting instants. Pairs of gYearMonth values with or without time zone indicators are totally ordered. The lexical representation for gYearMonth is the reduced right truncated lexical representation for dateTime: No left truncation is allowed.

An optional following time zone qualifier is allowed. To accommodate year values outside the range from toadditional digits can be added to the left of this representation and a preceding "-" sign is allowed. For example, to indicate the month of Mayone would write: Specifically, it is a set of one-year long, non-periodic instances e. Since the lexical representation allows an optional time zone indicator, gYear values are partially ordered because it may not be possible to unequivocally determine the order of two values one of which has a time zone and the other does not.

If gYear values are considered as periods of time, the order relation on gYear values is the order relation on their starting instants. Pairs of gYear values with or without time zone indicators are totally ordered. The lexical representation for gYear is the reduced right truncated lexical representation for dateTime: An optional following time zone qualifier is allowed as for dateTime. For example, to indicateone would write: Arbitrary recurring dates are not supported by this datatype.

Specifically, it is a set of one-day long, annually periodic instances. Since the lexical representation allows an optional time zone indicator, gMonthDay values are partially ordered because it may not be possible to unequivocally determine the order of two values one of which has a time zone and the other does not.

If gMonthDay values are considered as periods of time, in an arbitrary leap year, the order relation on gMonthDay values is the order relation on their starting stocked market roanoke 2016. Pairs of gMonthDay values with or without time zone indicators are totally ordered.

The lexical representation for gMonthDay is the left truncated lexical representation for date: An optional following time zone qualifier is allowed as for date. No preceding sign is allowed. No other formats are allowed. This datatype can be used to represent a specific day in a month.

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To say, for example, that my birthday occurs on the 14th of September ever year. Arbitrary recurring days are not supported by this datatype.

Specifically, it is a set of one-day long, monthly periodic instances. This datatype can be used to represent a specific day of the month. To say, for example, that I get my paycheck on the 15th of each month. Since the lexical representation allows an optional time zone indicator, gDay values are partially ordered because it may not be possible to unequivocally determine the order of two values one of which has a time zone and the other does not.

If gDay values are considered as periods of time, in an arbitrary month that has 31 days, the order relation on gDay values is the order relation on their starting instants. Pairs of gDay values with or without time zone indicators are totally ordered.

The lexical representation for gDay is the left truncated lexical representation for date: Specifically, it is a set of one-month long, yearly periodic instances. This datatype can be used to represent a specific month. To say, for example, that Thanksgiving falls in the month of November. Since the lexical representation allows an optional time zone indicator, gMonth values are partially ordered because it may not be possible to unequivocally determine the order of two values one of which has a time zone and the other does not.

If gMonth values are considered as periods of time, the order relation on gMonth is the order relation on their starting instants. Pairs of gMonth values with or without time zone indicators are totally ordered. The lexical representation for gMonth is the left and right truncated lexical representation for date: For example, "0FB7" is a hex encoding for the bit integer whose binary representation is Specifically, the lower case hexadecimal digits [a-f] are not allowed.

For base64Binary data the entire binary stream is encoded using the Base64 Alphabet in [RFC ]. The lexical forms of base64Binary values are limited to the 65 characters of the Base64 Alphabet defined in [RFC ]i. No other characters are allowed. For compatibility with older mail web bot stock market, [RFC ] suggests that base64 data should have lines limited to at most 76 characters in length.

This line-length limitation is not mandated in the lexical forms of base64Binary data and must not be enforced by XML Schema processors. The lexical space of base64Binary is given by the following grammar the notation is that used in [XML 1. Note that this grammar requires the number of non-whitespace characters in the lexical form to be a multiple of four, and for equals signs to appear only at the end of the lexical form; strings which do not meet these constraints are not legal lexical forms of base64Binary because they cannot successfully be decoded by base64 decoders.

The earn money by playing chess online lexical form of a base64Binary data value is the base64 encoding of the value which matches the Canonical-base64Binary production in the following grammar:.

The length of a base64Binary value is the number of octets it contains. This may be calculated from the lexical form by removing whitespace easiest club penguin money maker download free padding characters and performing the calculation shown in the pseudo-code below:.

However, decoding of base64Binary data in an XML entity is to be performed moneycontrol stock market news the Unicode characters obtained after character encoding processing as specified by [XML 1.

An anyURI value can be absolute or relative, and may have an optional fragment identifier i.

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This type should be used to specify the intention that the value fulfills the role of a URI as defined by [RFC ]as amended by [RFC ]. The mapping from anyURI values to URIs is as defined by the URI reference escaping procedure defined in Section 5.

This means that a wide range of internationalized resource identifiers can be specified when an anyURI is called for, and still be understood as URIs per [RFC ]as amended by [RFC ]where appropriate to identify resources. Future versions of this specification may remove these facets for this datatype. This results in the standard mathematical concept of the integer numbers. This results in the standard mathematical concept of the non-positive integers.

In the canonical form for zero, the sign must be omitted. Leading zeroes are prohibited. This results in the standard mathematical concept of the negative integers. Specifically, leading zeroes are prohibited.

This results in the standard mathematical concept of the non-negative integers. Specifically, the leading zeroes are prohibited.

This results in the standard mathematical concept of the positive integer numbers. The following sections provide full details on the properties and significance of each kind of schema component involved in datatype definitions. For each property, the kinds of values it is option trading calculator spreadsheet to have is specified.

Any property not identified as optional is required to be present; optional properties which are not present have absent as their value. Any property value identified as a superset or a subset of some set may be equal to that set, unless a proper superset or subset is explicitly called for. For more information on the notion of datatype schema components, see Schema Component Details of [XML Schema Part 1: The basic option volatility strategies understanding popular pricing models between the properties of the information item and properties of the component are as follows:.

There is a simple type definition nearly equivalent to the simple version of the ur-type definition present in every schema by definition. It has the following properties:. There are two significant cases:. For anyURIlength is measured in units of characters as for string. Future versions of this specification may remove this facet for these datatypes. This specification describes two levels of conformance for datatype processors. The first stock market collapse october 1929 required of all processors.

Support for the other will depend on the application environments for which the processor is intended.

Following [ISO ]the lexical forms of these datatypes can include only the characters 20 through 7F. This appendix 30 second binary options derivation more detail on the ISO formats and discusses some deviations from them for the datatypes defined in this specification. The proleptic Gregorian calendar includes dates prior to the year it came into use as an ecclesiastical calendar.

It should be pointed out that the datatypes described in this specification do not cover all the types of data covered by [ISO ]nor do they support all the lexical representations for those types of data. The allowed decimal digits are x x For the primitive datatypes dateTimetimedategYearMonthgMonthDaygDaygMonth and gYear. For all the information items indicated by the above characters, leading zeros are required where indicated. In addition to the above, certain characters are used as designators and appear as themselves in lexical formats.

In the lexical format for duration the following characters are also used as designators and appear as themselves in lexical formats:. The values of the Year, Month, Day, Hour 888 binary options trading means Minutes components are not restricted but allow an arbitrary integer.

Similarly, the value of the Seconds component allows an arbitrary decimal. Truncated formats are, in general, not permitted for the datatypes defined in this specification with three exceptions. The time datatype uses a truncated format for dateTime which represents an instant of time that recurs every day. Similarly, the gMonthDay and gDay datatypes use left-truncated formats for date. The datatype gMonth uses a right and left truncated format for date. Right truncated formats are also, in general, not permitted for the datatypes defined in this specification with the following exceptions: An optional minus sign is allowed immediately preceding, without a space, the lexical representations for durationdateTimedategYearMonth make big money with forex, gYear.

To accommodate year values greater thanmore than four digits are allowed in the year representations of dateTimedategYearMonthand gYear.

This follows [ISO The lexical representations for the datatypes dategYearMonthgMonthDaygDaygMonth and gYear permit an optional trailing time zone specificiation. Given a dateTime S and a duration D, this appendix specifies how to compute a dateTime E where E is the end of the time period with start S and duration D i. Such computations are used, for example, to determine whether a dateTime is within a specific time period. This appendix also addresses the addition of duration s to the forex binary options trading systems dategYearMonthgYeargDay and gMonthwhich can be viewed as a set of dateTime s.

In what weakened the stock market in the late 1920s cases, the addition is made to the first or starting dateTime in the set.

The calculation uses the notation S[year] to represent the year field of S, S[month] to represent the month field, and so on. It also depends on the following functions:. If the day is out of range, it is pinned to be within range.

Thus April 31 turns into April This latter addition can cause the year and month to change. Leap seconds are handled by the computation by treating them as overflows.

Essentially, a value of 60 seconds in S is treated as if it were a duration of 60 seconds added to S with a zero seconds field. All calculations thereafter use 60 seconds per minute. Thus the addition of either PT1M or PT60S to any dateTime will always produce the same result.

This is a special definition of addition which is designed to match common practice, and -- most importantly -- be stable over time. A definition that attempted to take leap-seconds into account would need to be constantly updated, and could not predict the results of future implementation's additions.

The decision to introduce a leap second in UTC is the responsibility of the [International Earth Rotation Service IERS ]. They make periodic announcements as to when leap seconds are to be added, but this is not known more than a year in advance. For more information on leap seconds, see [U. Naval Observatory Time Service Department]. The following is the precise specification. These steps must be followed in the same order. If a field in D is not specified, it is treated as if it were zero.

If a field in S is not specified, it is treated 30 second binary options derivation the calculation as if it were the minimum allowed value in that field, however, after the calculation is concluded, the corresponding field in E is removed set to unspecified. The order of addition of durations to instants is significant. For example, there are cases where:. The set of strings L R denoted by a character class R contains one single-character string " c " for each character c in C R.

A positive character group identifies the set of characters containing all of the characters in all of the sets identified by its constituent ranges or escapes. All XML characters are valid character ranges, except as follows:. The following table specifies the recognized values of the "General Category" property. The following table specifies the recognized block names for more information, see the "Blocks.

The listing below is for the benefit of readers of a printed version of this document: Co-editor Ashok Malhotra's work on this specification from March until February was supported by IBM. From February until May it was supported by Microsoft. The editors acknowledge the members of the XML Schema Working Group, the members of other W3C Working Groups, and industry experts in other forums who have contributed directly or indirectly to the process or content of creating this document.

The Working Group is particularly grateful to Lotus Development Corp. At the time the first edition of this specification was published, the members of the XML Schema Working Group were:. The XML Schema Working Group has how to make money with a paintball field in its work from the participation and contributions of a number of people not currently members of the Working Group, including in particular those named below.

Affiliations given are those current at the time of their work are stock broker fees deductible the WG.

The lists given above pertain to the first edition. At the time work on this second edition was completed, the membership of the Working Group was:. We note with sadness the accidental death of Mario Jeckle shortly after the completion of work on this document.

In addition to those named above, several people served on the Working Group during the development of this second edition:.

XML Schema Part 2: Status of this Document This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication.

Ashok Malhotra's affiliation has changed since the completion of editorial work on this second edition.

The terms defined in the following list are used in building those definitions and in describing the actions of a datatype processor: Two strings or names being compared must be identical. No case folding is performed.

Of strings and rules in the grammar: A string matches a grammatical production if it belongs to the language generated by that production. The number of literals for each value has been kept small; for many datatypes there is a one-to-one mapping between literals and values.

This makes it easy to exchange the values between different systems. In many cases, conversion from locale-dependent representations will be required on both the originator and the recipient side, both for computer processing and for interaction with humans.

Textual, rather than binary, literals are used. This makes hand editing, debugging, and similar activities possible. Ease of parsing and serializing: Where possible, literals correspond to those found in common programming languages and libraries. Many human languages have writing systems that require child elements for control of aspects such as bidirectional formating or ruby annotation see [Ruby] and Section 8.

Thus, stringas a simple type that can contain only characters but not child elements, is often not suitable for representing text. In such situations, a complex type that allows mixed content should be considered. For more information, see Section 5. Identity must be used for the few operations that are defined in this Recommendation.

Applications using any of the datatypes defined in this Recommendation may use different definitions of equality for computational purposes; [IEEE ] -based computation systems are examples. Nothing in this Recommendation should be construed as requiring that such applications use identity as their equality relationship when computing.

This datatype differs from that of [IEEE ] in that there is only one NaN and only one zero. Reduced precision and truncated representations of this format are allowed provided they conform to the following: The designator 'T' must be absent if and only if all of the time items are absent.

The designator 'P' must always be present. Days Minimum 28 59 89 Maximum 31 62 92 The date and time datatypes described in this recommendation were inspired by [ISO ]. There is no year 0, and '' is not a valid lexical representation. Those using this 1. A number of external commentators have also suggested that '' be allowed, as the lexical representation for 1 BCE, which is the normal usage in astronomical contexts.

It is the intention of the XML Schema Stock market sleepers Group to allow '' as a lexical representation in the dateTimedategYearand gYearMonth datatypes in a subsequent version of this Recommendation.

Where there is more than one possible representation, the canonical representation is as follows: The 2-digit numeral representing the hour must not be ' 24 24 binary options cheat sheet trading The fractional second string, if present, must not end in ' 0 '; for timezoned values, the timezone must be represented with ' Z ' All timezoned dateTime values are UTC.

The ordering between two dateTime s P and Q is defined by the following algorithm: Otherwise, if P contains a time zone and Q does not, compare as follows: Otherwise, if P does not contain a time zone and Q does, compare as follows: For most timezones, either the first moment or last moment of the day a dateTime value, always UTC will have a date portion different from that of the date itself!

However, noon of that date the midpoint of the interval in that normalized timezone will always have the same date portion as the date itself, even when that noon point in time is normalized to UTC. This type should therefore be used with caution in contexts where conversion to other calendars is desired. Because years in one calendar only rarely correspond to years in other calendars, values of this type are not, in general, convertible to simple values corresponding to years in other calendars.

Because days in one calendar only rarely correspond to days in other calendars, values of this type do not, in general, have any straightforward or intuitive representation in terms of most other calendars. Because months in one calendar only rarely correspond to months in other calendars, values of this type do not, in general, have any straightforward or intuitive representation in terms of most other calendars.

The above definition of the lexical space is more restrictive than that given in [RFC ] as regards whitespace -- this is not an issue in practice. For some values the canonical form defined above does not conform to [RFC ]which requires breaking with linefeeds at appropriate intervals. Accordingly absolutization must not be performed by schema processors as part of schema validation.

Each URI scheme imposes specialized syntax rules for URIs in that scheme, including restrictions on the syntax of allowed fragment identifiers. Because it is impractical for processors to check that a value is a context-appropriate URI reference, this specification follows the lead of [RFC ] as amended by [RFC ] in this matter: An NCName as defined by [Namespaces in XML]. The correspondences between the properties of the information item and properties of the component are as follows: As an example, taken from a typical display oriented text markup language, one might want to express font sizes as an integer between 8 and 72, or with one of the tokens "small", "medium" or "large".

Datatype Valid A string is datatype-valid with respect to a datatype definition if: It has the following properties: Note that in consequence of the above: There are two significant cases: Therefore, care should be taken when specifying a value for length and in attempting to infer storage requirements from a given value for length.

By fixing the value of the length facet we ensure that types derived from productCode can change or set the values of other facets, such as patternbut cannot change the length. Therefore, care should be taken when specifying a value for minLength and in attempting to infer storage requirements from a given value for minLength. Therefore, care should be taken when specifying a value for maxLength and in attempting to infer storage requirements from a given value for maxLength.

For more information on whiteSpacesee the discussion on white space normalization in Schema Component Details in [XML Schema Part 1: For more information, see the discussion on white space normalization in Schema Component Details in [XML Schema Part 1: By separating the conformance requirements relating to the concrete syntax of XML schema documents, this specification admits processors which validate using schemas stored in optimized binary representations, dynamically created schemas represented as programming language data structures, or implementations in which particular schemas are compiled into executable code such as C or Java.

These definitions are for information only, the real built-in definitions are magic. There should in fact be no more than one of each of minInclusive, minExclusive, maxInclusive, maxExclusive, totalDigits, fractionDigits, length, maxLength, minLength within datatype, and the min- and max- variants of Inclusive and Exclusive are mutually exclusive. On the other hand, pattern and enumeration may repeat.

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C Datatypes and Facets C. Datatype ordered bounded cardinality numeric primitive string false false countably infinite false boolean false false finite false float partial true finite true double partial true finite true decimal total false countably infinite true duration partial false countably infinite false dateTime partial false countably infinite false time partial false countably infinite false date partial false countably infinite false gYearMonth partial false countably infinite false gYear partial false countably infinite false gMonthDay partial false countably infinite false gDay partial false countably infinite false gMonth partial false countably infinite false hexBinary false false countably infinite false base64Binary false false countably infinite false anyURI false false countably infinite false QName false false countably infinite false NOTATION false false countably infinite false derived normalizedString false false countably infinite false token false false countably infinite false language false false countably infinite false IDREFS false false countably infinite false ENTITIES false false countably infinite false NMTOKEN false false countably infinite false NMTOKENS false false countably infinite false Name false false countably infinite false NCName false false countably infinite false ID false false countably infinite false IDREF false false countably infinite false ENTITY false false countably infinite false integer total false countably infinite true nonPositiveInteger total false countably infinite true negativeInteger total false countably infinite true long total true finite true int total true finite true short total true finite true byte total true finite true nonNegativeInteger total false countably infinite true unsignedLong total true finite true unsignedInt total true finite true unsignedShort total true finite true unsignedByte total true finite true positiveInteger total false countably infinite true.

D ISO Date and Time Formats D. C -- represents a digit used in the thousands and hundreds components, the "century" component, of the time element "year". Legal values are from 0 to 9.

Y -- represents a digit used in the tens and units components of the time element "year". M -- represents a digit used in the time element "month". The two digits in a MM format can have values from 1 to D -- represents a digit used in the time element "day". The two digits in a DD format can have values from 1 to 28 if the month value equals 2, 1 to 29 if the month value equals 2 and the year is a leap year, 1 to 30 if the month value equals 4, 6, 9 or 11, and 1 to 31 if the month value equals 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10 or The two digits in a hh format can have values from 0 to If the value of the hour element is 24 then the values of the minutes element and the seconds element must be 00 and The two digits in a mm format can have values from 0 to The two digits in a ss format can have values from 0 to This is represented in the picture by "ss.

A value of 60 or more is allowed only in the case of leap seconds. Strictly speaking, a value of 60 or more is not sensible unless the month and day could represent March 31, June 30, September 30, or December 31 in UTC. Because the leap second is added or subtracted as the last second of the day in UTC time, the long or short minute could occur at other times in local time. In cases where the leap second is used with an inappropriate month and day it, and any fractional seconds, should considered as added or subtracted from the following minute.

T -- is used as time designator to indicate the start of the representation of the time of day in dateTime. Z -- is used as time-zone designator, immediately without a space following a data element expressing the time of day in Coordinated Universal Time UTC in dateTimetimedategYearMonthgMonthDaygDaygMonthand gYear.

In the lexical format for duration the following characters are also used as designators and appear as themselves in lexical formats: P -- is used as the time duration designator, preceding a data element representing a given duration of time. Y -- follows the number of years in a time duration.

M -- follows the number of months or minutes in a time duration. D -- follows the number of days in a time duration. H -- follows the number of hours in a time duration. S -- follows the number of seconds in a time duration. E Adding durations to dateTimes Given a dateTime S and a duration D, this appendix specifies how to compute a dateTime E where E is the end of the time period with start S and duration D i.

It also depends on the following functions: Months may be modified additionally below temp: For example, there are cases where: In those rare cases where an unanchored match is desired, including. We have, therefore, left this logical possibility out of the regular expression language defined by this specification.

Identifying the set of characters C G containing: R all characters in C R. E all characters in C E. RP all characters in C R and all characters in C P. EP all characters in C E and all characters in C P.

All XML characters are valid character ranges, except as follows: Identifying the set of characters C R containing: For example, the mapping from code points to character properties might be updated. However, implementors are encouraged to support the character properties defined in any future version. The properties mentioned above exclude the Cs property. The Cs property identifies "surrogate" characters, which do not occur at the level of the "character abstraction" that XML instance documents operate on.

The blocks mentioned above exclude the HighSurrogatesLowSurrogates and HighPrivateUseSurrogates blocks. These blocks identify "surrogate" characters, which do not occur at the level of the "character abstraction" that XML instance documents operate on.

For example, the grouping of code points into blocks might be updated. However, implementors are encouraged to support the blocks defined in any future version of the Unicode Standard. In particular, it does not easily provide for matching sequences of base characters and combining marks.

The language is targeted at support of "Level 1" features as defined in [Unicode Regular Expression Guidelines]. It is hoped that future versions of this specification will provide support for "Level 2" features. G Glossary non-normative The listing below is for the benefit of readers of a printed version of this document: Validation Rule Validation Rule value space A value space is the set of values for a given datatype.

How to Read Floating Point Numbers Accurately. In Proceedings of Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementationpages IEEE Standard for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic. Tags for the Identification of Languages Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions MIME Part One: Format of Internet Message Bodies. Uniform Resource Identifiers URI: Format for Literal IPv6 Addresses in URL's. The Unicode Character Database. Extensible Markup Language XML 1. XML Linking Language XLink. XML Schema Part 1: Structures XML Schema Part 1: Character Model for the World Wide Web.

World Wide Web Consortium Working Draft. Correctly Rounded Binary-Decimal and Decimal-Binary Conversions. Hypertext Markup Language, version 4. Internationalized Resource Identifiers Representations of dates and times, Representations of dates and times, draft revision, Representations of dates and times, second edition, Perl The Perl Programming Language.

International Organization for Standardization, Naval Observatory Time Service Department Information about Leap Seconds Available at: Unicode Regular Expression Guidelines Part 0 Primer World Wide Web Consortium. Extensible Stylesheet Language XSL. I Acknowledgements non-normative The following have contributed material to the first edition of this specification: Vedamuthu, webMethods, Inc Mark Davis, IBM Co-editor Ashok Malhotra's work on this specification from March until February was supported by IBM.

At the time the first edition of this specification was published, the members of the XML Schema Working Group were: Jim Barnette, Defense Information Systems Agency DISA Paul V. Biron, Health Level Seven Don Box, DevelopMentor Allen Brown, Microsoft Lee Buck, TIBCO Extensibility Charles E. Campbell, Informix Wayne Carr, Intel Peter Chen, Bootstrap Alliance and LSU David Cleary, Progress Software Dan Connolly, W3C staff contact Ugo Corda, Xerox Roger L.

Costello, MITRE Haavard Danielson, Progress Software Josef Dietl, Mozquito Technologies David Ezell, Hewlett-Packard Company Alexander Falk, Altova GmbH David Fallside, IBM Dan Fox, Defense Logistics Information Service DLIS Matthew Fuchs, Commerce One Andrew Goodchild, Distributed Systems Technology Centre DSTC Pty Ltd Paul Grosso, Arbortext, Inc Martin Gudgin, DevelopMentor Dave Hollander, Contivo, Inc co-chair Mary Holstege, Invited Expert Jane Hunter, Distributed Systems Technology Centre DSTC Pty Ltd Rick Jelliffe, Academia Sinica Simon Johnston, Rational Software Bob Lojek, Mozquito Technologies Ashok Malhotra, Microsoft Lisa Martin, IBM Noah Mendelsohn, Lotus Development Corporation Adrian Michel, Commerce One Alex Milowski, Invited Expert Don Mullen, TIBCO Extensibility Dave Peterson, Graphic Communications Association Jonathan Robie, Software AG Eric Sedlar, Oracle Corp.

Sperberg-McQueen, W3C co-chair Bob Streich, Calico Commerce William K. Stumbo, Xerox Henry S. Thompson, University of Edinburgh Mark Tucker, Health Level Seven Asir S. Vedamuthu, webMethods, Inc Priscilla Walmsley, XMLSolutions Norm Walsh, Sun Microsystems Aki Yoshida, SAP AG Kongyi Zhou, Oracle Corp.

Paula Angerstein, Vignette Corporation David Beech, Oracle Corp. Gabe Beged-Dov, Rogue Wave Software Greg Bumgardner, Rogue Wave Software Dean Burson, Lotus Development Corporation Mike Cokus, MITRE Andrew Eisenberg, Progress Software Rob Ellman, Calico Commerce George Feinberg, Object Design Charles Frankston, Microsoft Ernesto Guerrieri, Inso Michael Hyman, Microsoft Renato Iannella, Distributed Systems Technology Centre DSTC Pty Ltd Dianne Kennedy, Graphic Communications Association Janet Koenig, Sun Microsystems Setrag Khoshafian, Technology Deployment International TDI Ara Kullukian, Technology Deployment International TDI Andrew Layman, Microsoft Dmitry Lenkov, Hewlett-Packard Company John McCarthy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Murata Makoto, Xerox Eve Maler, Sun Microsystems Murray Maloney, Muzmo Communication, acting for Commerce One Chris Olds, Wall Data Frank Olken, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Shriram Revankar, Xerox Mark Reinhold, Sun Microsystems John C.

Schneider, MITRE Lew Shannon, NCR William Shea, Merrill Lynch Ralph Swick, W3C Tony Stewart, Rivcom Matt Timmermans, Microstar Jim Trezzo, Oracle Corp. Steph Tryphonas, Microstar The lists given above pertain to the first edition.

At the time work on this second edition was completed, the membership of the Working Group was: Leonid Arbouzov, Sun Microsystems Jim Barnette, Defense Information Systems Agency DISA Paul V. Biron, Health Level Seven Allen Brown, Microsoft Charles E. Campbell, Invited expert Peter Chen, Invited expert Tony Cincotta, NIST David Ezell, National Association of Convenience Stores Matthew Fuchs, Invited expert Sandy Gao, IBM Andrew Goodchild, Distributed Systems Technology Centre DSTC Pty Ltd Xan Gregg, Invited expert Mary Holstege, Mark Logic Mario Jeckle, DaimlerChrysler Marcel Jemio, Data Interchange Standards Association Kohsuke Kawaguchi, Sun Microsystems Ashok Malhotra, Invited expert Lisa Martin, IBM Jim Melton, Oracle Corp Noah Mendelsohn, IBM Dave Peterson, Invited expert Anli Shundi, TIBCO Extensibility C.

Sperberg-McQueen, W3C co-chair Hoylen Sue, Distributed Systems Technology Centre DSTC Pty Ltd Henry S. Thompson, University of Edinburgh Asir S.

Vedamuthu, webMethods, Inc Priscilla Walmsley, Invited expert Kongyi Zhou, Oracle Corp. In addition to those named above, several people served on the Working Group during the development of this second edition: Oriol Carbo, University of Edinburgh Tyng-Ruey Chuang, Academia Sinica Joey Coyle, Health Level 7 Tim Ewald, DevelopMentor Nelson Hung, Corel Melanie Kudela, Uniform Code Council Matthew MacKenzie, XML Global Cliff Schmidt, Microsoft John Stanton, Defense Information Systems Agency John Tebbutt, NIST Ross Thompson, Contivo Scott Vorthmann, TIBCO Extensibility.

A set corresponding to the actual value of the final [attribute]if present, otherwise the actual value of the finalDefault [attribute] of the ancestor schema element information item, if present, otherwise the empty string, as follows: The actual value of the targetNamespace [attribute] of the parent schema element information item. The actual value of the value [attribute].

The actual value of the fixed [attribute]if present, otherwise false. The actual value of the fixed [attribute]if present, otherwise false, if present, otherwise false.

All strings in L S? All sequences of at least n, and at most m, strings from L S. All sequences of exactly n strings from L S.

All strings st with s in L S? All sequences of at most m, strings from L S. Char charClass ' ' regExp ' '. SingleCharEsc MultiCharEsc catEsc complEsc. Letters Marks Numbers Punctuation Separators Symbols Others.